---
title: The trees to the right and left are specimens of the Banyan-tree, th… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: The trees to the right and left are specimens of the Banyan-tree, the Nyagrodha, _Ficus Indica_, the Bo-tree of the Buddha Kassapa. Who acts: trees. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 128

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The trees to the right and left are specimens of the Banyan-tree, the Nyagrodha, \_Ficus Indica\_, the Bo-tree of the Buddha Kassapa.

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**Who acts:** trees · **What happens:** leave, be · **To what, where:** specimens

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:2:132
# text = The trees to the right and left are specimens of the Banyan-tree, the Nyagrodha, _Ficus Indica_, the Bo-tree of the Buddha Kassapa.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	specimens	specimen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	Banyan	Banyan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Nyagrodha	Nyagrodha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	Ficus	Ficus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
21	Indica	Indica	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	Bo	Bo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	Kassapa	Kassapa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | participle | the trees to the right *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the trees to the right | specimens |  |  |  | of the Banyan tree; the Nyagrodha *nmod* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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