---
title: The artist has introduced representatives of the various animals men… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: The artist has introduced representatives of the various animals mentioned in the story, and a few monkeys for good measure. Who acts: artist. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 140

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The artist has introduced representatives of the various animals mentioned in the story, and a few monkeys for good measure.

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**Who acts:** artist · **What happens:** have, introduce, mention · **To what, where:** introduced representatives, various animals, story

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (artist), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:2:144
# text = The artist has introduced representatives of the various animals mentioned in the story, and a few monkeys for good measure.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	artist	artist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	representatives	representative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
10	mentioned	mention	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	measure	measure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the artist | introduced representatives of the various animals |  |  |  | good measure  a few monkeys *parataxis* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent representative=Patient |
| 2 | **introduce** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **mention** *speech: other* | participle |  | the various animals *not said here* |  | the story |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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