---
title: As a caravan-leader (24 _b_), he protects his companions from a troo… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: As a caravan-leader (24 _b_), he protects his companions from a troop of man-eating ogres. Who acts: Gotama. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 16

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As a caravan-leader (24 \_b\_), he protects his companions from a troop of man-eating ogres.

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**Who acts:** Gotama · **What happens:** protect, eat · **To what, where:** companions

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gotama), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:2:17
# text = As a caravan-leader (24 _b_), he protects his companions from a troop of man-eating ogres.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	caravan	caravan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	appos	_	_
8	_	_	SYM	SYM	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	b	B	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	troop	troop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	amod	_	_
24	ogres	ogre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | Gotama | Gotama's companions |  |  |  | as a caravan leader; from a troop of eating ogres | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent companion=Beneficiary from troop=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | man *compound* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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