---
title: As a wise partridge (19 _b_), he serves as the preceptor of a monkey… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: As a wise partridge (19 _b_), he serves as the preceptor of a monkey and an elephant. Who acts: partridge. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 23

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As a wise partridge (19 \_b\_), he serves as the preceptor of a monkey and an elephant.

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**Who acts:** partridge · **What happens:** serve

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (partridge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:2:24
# text = As a wise partridge (19 _b_), he serves as the preceptor of a monkey and an elephant.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	partridge	partridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	19	19	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	appos	_	_
7	_	_	SYM	SYM	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	b	B	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	serves	serve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	preceptor	preceptor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | present | partridge |  |  |  |  | as a wise partridge; as the preceptor of a monkey and a elephant | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as partridge=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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