---
title: In the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries, many of them… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: In the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries, many of them found their way into the highways and byways of European literature. Who acts: many. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 49

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In the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries, many of them found their way into the highways and byways of European literature.

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**Who acts:** many · **What happens:** find · **To what, where:** way, thirteenth

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:2:52
# text = In the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries, many of them found their way into the highways and byways of European literature.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	thirteenth	thirteenth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	fourteenth	fourteenth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	fifteenth	fifteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	_
14	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	highways	highway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	byways	byway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	literature	literature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | many of thirteenth | thirteenth's way |  | the thirteenth and fourteenth and fifteenth centuries |  | into the highways and byways of European literature | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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