---
title: Stories 25 and 26 are also _Jātaka_ tales, adapted from C. H. Tawney… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Stories 25 and 26 are also _Jātaka_ tales, adapted from C. H. Tawney’s translation of the _Kathāsaritsāgara_. Who acts: Stories, Kathāsaritsāgara. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 8

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Stories 25 and 26 are also \_Jātaka\_ tales, adapted from C. H. Tawney’s translation of the \_Kathāsaritsāgara\_.

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**Who acts:** Stories, Kathāsaritsāgara · **What happens:** be, adapt, translate · **To what, where:** Jātaka tales, translation

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stories, Kathāsaritsāgara), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:2:8
# text = Stories 25 and 26 are also _Jātaka_ tales, adapted from C. H. Tawney’s translation of the _Kathāsaritsāgara_.
1	Stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
2	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	appos	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	26	26	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	conj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
6	also	also	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Jātaka	Jātaka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	8	punct	_	_
10	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	adapted	adapt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
14	C.	C.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	H.	H.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	_
16	Tawney	Tawney	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	’s	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
18	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	_	_	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	Kathāsaritsāgara	Kathāsaritsāgara	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Stories | Jātaka tales |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **adapt** | participle |  | Jātaka tales *not said here* |  | C. H.'s translation of the Kathāsaritsāgara |  |  | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **translate** |  | the Kathāsaritsāgara |  |  |  |  |  | nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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