--- title: “Monks,” said the Teacher, “not only in his present state of existen… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics description: “Monks,” said the Teacher, “not only in his present state of existence has Devadatta gone about for the purpose of killing me; in a previous state of existence also he went about for the purpose of killing me in the very same way.” Who acts: Monks, Teacher, purpose, Devadatta. A sentence of «The gra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/3/112/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The grateful elephant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/) / [Opening, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/3/) / 112 # The grateful elephant, Opening, part 3, sentence 112 “Monks,” said the Teacher, “not only in his present state of existence has Devadatta gone about for the purpose of killing me; in a previous state of existence also he went about for the purpose of killing me in the very same way.” **Who acts:** Monks, Teacher, purpose, Devadatta · **What happens:** say, go about, kill · **To what, where:** present state, Monks, previous state, same way · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Monks, Teacher, purpose, Devadatta), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg74064:3:116 # text = “Monks,” said the Teacher, “not only in his present state of existence has Devadatta gone about for the purpose of killing me; in a previous state of existence also he went about for the purpose of killing me in the very same way.” 1 “ " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Monks monk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ” " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 5 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 Teacher Teacher PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 9 “ " PUNCT `` _ 15 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 15 advmod _ _ 11 only only ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 14 present present ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 state state NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 existence existence NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 18 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 19 Devadatta Devadatta PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 gone go VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 5 ccomp _ _ 21 about about ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 for for ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 purpose purpose NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 25 of of SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 26 killing kill VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 24 acl _ _ 27 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 previous previous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 state state NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 existence existence NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 35 also also ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 36 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 37 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 38 about about ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 39 for for ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 purpose purpose NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 42 of of SCONJ IN _ 43 mark _ _ 43 killing kill VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 41 acl _ _ 44 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 43 obj _ _ 45 in in ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 47 very very ADV RB _ 48 advmod _ _ 48 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 49 amod _ _ 49 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 50 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 51 ” " PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Monks | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **go about** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the Teacher | | | Teacher's present state | | for the purpose; Devadatta *nsubj*; about *property* | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **kill** *in a quote* | gerund | the purpose *not said here* | Monks *= monk* | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | | 4 | **go about** *in a quote* | past | Devadatta | | | a previous state of existence | | for the purpose; about *property* | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **kill** *in a quote* | gerund | the purpose *not said here* | Monks *= monk* | | the same way | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 111](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/3/111/) - next →: [sentence 113](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/3/113/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/3/)