---
title: As for the carpenters, when it was time to eat, each one of them gav… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: As for the carpenters, when it was time to eat, each one of them gave the elephant a morsel of food; thus in all they gave him five hundred morsels of food. Who acts: cord, one, carpenters. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3, with its dependency tree a
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 3, sentence 37

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As for the carpenters, when it was time to eat, each one of them gave the elephant a morsel of food; thus in all they gave him five hundred morsels of food.

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**Who acts:** cord, one, carpenters · **What happens:** be, eat, give · **To what, where:** time, morsel, elephant, hundred morsels

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cord, one, carpenters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:3:39
# text = As for the carpenters, when it was time to eat, each one of them gave the elephant a morsel of food; thus in all they gave him five hundred morsels of food.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	carpenters	carpenter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
14	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nmod	_	_
17	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	morsel	morsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	25	obl	_	_
28	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
30	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	iobj	_	_
31	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	compound	_	_
32	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	33	nummod	_	_
33	morsels	morsel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | cord | time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | to-infinitive | each one of carpenters *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **give** | past | each one of carpenters | a morsel of food | the elephant |  |  | as the carpenters | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent elephant=Recipient morsel=Theme |
| 4 | **give** | past | carpenters *= carpenter* | hundred morsels of food | Elephant |  |  | thus *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient morsel=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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