---
title: He caused the elephant to make rightwise circuit of the city and to… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: He caused the elephant to make rightwise circuit of the city and to be taken into the elephant-stable. Who acts: king, elephant. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 3, sentence 64

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He caused the elephant to make rightwise circuit of the city and to be taken into the elephant-stable.

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**Who acts:** king, elephant · **What happens:** cause, make, take · **To what, where:** elephant, rightwise circuit, elephant stable

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:3:66
# text = He caused the elephant to make rightwise circuit of the city and to be taken into the elephant-stable.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	rightwise	rightwise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	circuit	circuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	stable	stable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | king | the elephant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | the elephant *not said here* | rightwise circuit of the city |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset circuit=Product |
| 3 | **take** | to-infinitive · passive | the elephant *not said here* |  |  | the elephant stable |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: into stable=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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