---
title: Then the elephant with his trunk caressed the Future Buddha and lift… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the elephant with his trunk caressed the Future Buddha and lifted him up and put him on his shoulders and cried and wept. Who acts: elephant. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 3, sentence 92

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Then the elephant with his trunk caressed the Future Buddha and lifted him up and put him on his shoulders and cried and wept.

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**Who acts:** elephant · **What happens:** caress, lift up, put, cry, weep · **To what, where:** Future Buddha, Elephant, shoulders

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:3:94
# text = Then the elephant with his trunk caressed the Future Buddha and lifted him up and put him on his shoulders and cried and wept.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	caressed	caress	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Future	Future	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	lifted	lift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **caress** | past | the elephant with Elephant's trunk | the Future Buddha |  |  | then |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buddha=Experiencer |
| 2 | **lift up** | past | the elephant with Elephant's trunk *not said here* | Elephant |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **put** | infinitive | the elephant with Elephant's trunk *not said here* | Elephant |  | Elephant's shoulders |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme on shoulder=Destination |
| 4 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the elephant with Elephant's trunk *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **weep** | past | the elephant with Elephant's trunk *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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