---
title: After a time, perceiving that there was contamination in the herd, h… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: After a time, perceiving that there was contamination in the herd, he isolated himself from the herd and made his home quite alone in the forest. Who acts: time, contamination. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 4, sentence 108

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After a time, perceiving that there was contamination in the herd, he isolated himself from the herd and made his home quite alone in the forest.

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**Who acts:** time, contamination · **What happens:** perceive, be, isolate, make · **To what, where:** contamination, herd, home, forest

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (time, contamination), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:4:114
# text = After a time, perceiving that there was contamination in the herd, he isolated himself from the herd and made his home quite alone in the forest.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	perceiving	perceive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
8	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
9	contamination	contamination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	isolated	isolate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	15	obj	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | gerund | a time *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **be** | past | contamination in the herd |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **isolate** | past | contamination | contamination |  | the herd | time |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent himself=Patient from herd=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **make** | past | contamination *not said here* | Buddha's home |  | the forest |  | alone *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset home=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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