---
title: The Future Buddha, hearing those profound lamentations of his, thoug… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: The Future Buddha, hearing those profound lamentations of his, thought: “I will free this man from his suffering.” Who acts: Future Buddha, Buddha. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 4, sentence 112

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The Future Buddha, hearing those profound lamentations of his, thought: “I will free this man from his suffering.”

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**Who acts:** Future Buddha, Buddha · **What happens:** hear, think, lament, suffer · **To what, where:** profound lamentations, Buddha

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Future Buddha, Buddha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:4:118
# text = The Future Buddha, hearing those profound lamentations of his, thought: “I will free this man from his suffering.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Future	Future	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
7	profound	profound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	lamentations	lamentation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
12	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	ccomp	_	_
18	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	suffering	suffering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | gerund | the Future Buddha *not said here* | that profound lamentations of Buddha |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer lamentation=Stimulus |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | the Future Buddha |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lament** |  |  | Buddha |  |  |  |  | nom lamentation «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **suffer** *in a quote* |  | Buddha |  |  |  |  |  | nom suffering «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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