---
title: Now the Future Buddha, having conducted that man out of the forest,… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the Future Buddha, having conducted that man out of the forest, set him down on the highway leading to Benāres, and said to him: “Master man, go by this road; but as for my place of abode, whether you are asked or not, say nothing to anybody about it.” Who acts: highway, man. A sentence of «The 
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 4, sentence 128

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Now the Future Buddha, having conducted that man out of the forest, set him down on the highway leading to Benāres, and said to him: “Master man, go by this road; but as for my place of abode, whether you are asked or not, say nothing to anybody about it.”

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**Who acts:** highway, man · **What happens:** conduct, set down, lead, say, go, ask · **To what, where:** Future Buddha, man, highway, Benāres, Buddha, nothing · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (highway, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:4:134
# text = Now the Future Buddha, having conducted that man out of the forest, set him down on the highway leading to Benāres, and said to him: “Master man, go by this road; but as for my place of abode, whether you are asked or not, say nothing to anybody about it.”
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Future	Future	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	aux	_	_
7	conducted	conduct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	down	down	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	highway	highway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Benāres	Benāres	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
30	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	Master	master	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
34	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	ccomp	_	_
35	by	by	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	37	det	_	_
37	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	54	punct	_	_
39	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	54	cc	_	_
40	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	43	case	_	_
41	for	for	ADP	IN	_	40	fixed	_	_
42	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	obl	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	abode	abode	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
47	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	50	mark	_	_
48	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	50	nsubj	_	_
49	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	50	aux:pass	_	_
50	asked	ask	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	54	advcl	_	_
51	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
52	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	50	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
54	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
55	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	54	obj	_	_
56	to	to	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
57	anybody	anybody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	55	nmod	_	_
58	about	about	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
59	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	55	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	54	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	54	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conduct** | gerund · perfect · passive |  | the Future Buddha |  |  | now | that man *obj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **set down** | infinitive |  | man |  | the highway |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme on highway=Destination |
| 3 | **lead** | gerund | the highway *not said here* |  | Benāres |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to benāres=Patient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  | Buddha |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **go** *in a quote* | infinitive | Master's man |  |  |  |  | by this road | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by road=Location |
| 6 | **ask** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | present · passive |  | Buddha |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | infinitive |  | nothing | anybody |  |  | as my place of abode; about abode | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic to anybody=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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