---
title: Then the Future Buddha told them the whole story, saying: “I alone,… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the Future Buddha told them the whole story, saying: “I alone, by pulling this man out of a mighty flood, have brought suffering upon myself. Who acts: Future Buddha. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 4, sentence 65

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Then the Future Buddha told them the whole story, saying: “I alone, by pulling this man out of a mighty flood, have brought suffering upon myself.

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**Who acts:** Future Buddha · **What happens:** tell, say, pull, bring, suffer · **To what, where:** whole story, monk, man, mighty flood · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Future Buddha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:4:69
# text = Then the Future Buddha told them the whole story, saying: “I alone, by pulling this man out of a mighty flood, have brought suffering upon myself.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Future	Future	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
18	pulling	pull	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	_
19	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	out	out	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	flood	flood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	parataxis	_	_
29	suffering	suffer	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	xcomp	_	_
30	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the Future Buddha | the whole story | monk |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the Future Buddha *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pull** *in a quote* | gerund | the Future Buddha *not said here* | this man |  | a mighty flood |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent man=Theme out flood=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **bring** *in a quote* | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **suffer** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | upon the Future Buddha *= buddha* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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