--- title: Having completed the parable, he identified the personages in the Bi… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics description: Having completed the parable, he identified the personages in the Birth-story as follows: “At that time the man who betrayed his friend was Devadatta, the tree-spirit was one of my disciples, but Good King Elephant was I myself.” Who acts: Teacher, Birth story, man, Devadatta. A sentence of «The gra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/5/20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The grateful elephant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/) / [Opening, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/5/) / 20 # The grateful elephant, Opening, part 5, sentence 20 Having completed the parable, he identified the personages in the Birth-story as follows: “At that time the man who betrayed his friend was Devadatta, the tree-spirit was one of my disciples, but Good King Elephant was I myself.” **Who acts:** Teacher, Birth story, man, Devadatta, Elephant · **What happens:** have, complete, identify, follow, betray, be · **To what, where:** parable, personages, Birth story, friend, Devadatta, one This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Teacher, Birth story, man, Devadatta), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg74064:5:20 # text = Having completed the parable, he identified the personages in the Birth-story as follows: “At that time the man who betrayed his friend was Devadatta, the tree-spirit was one of my disciples, but Good King Elephant was I myself.” 1 Having have VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 advcl _ _ 2 completed complete VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 xcomp _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 parable parable NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 identified identify VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 personages personage NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 12 Birth birth NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 13 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 12 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 14 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 15 as as SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 16 follows follow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 17 : : PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 18 “ " PUNCT `` _ 36 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 19 At at ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 21 det _ _ 21 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 24 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 25 betrayed betray VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 acl:relcl _ _ 26 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 29 Devadatta Devadatta PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 32 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 33 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 32 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 34 spirit spirit NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 appos _ _ 35 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 36 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 obl _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ _ 39 disciples disciple NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 41 but but CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 42 Good Good PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 compound _ _ 43 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 nmod:desc _ _ 44 Elephant Elephant PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 nsubj _ _ 45 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 47 cop _ _ 46 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 47 myself myself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 49 ” " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | gerund | Teacher *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **complete** | participle | Teacher *not said here* | the parable | | | | | vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parable=Eventuality | | 3 | **identify** | past | Teacher | the personages | | the Birth story | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent personage=Theme | | 4 | **follow** | present | the Birth story *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **betray** *in a quote* | past | the man | Teacher's friend | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | the man | Devadatta | | | time | the tree spirit *appos* | tree rules | | 7 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | Devadatta | one | | | | of my disciples | tree rules | | 8 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | Elephant Good King | the Teacher *= teacher* | | | | I *nsubj* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/5/19/) - next →: [sentence 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/5/21/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/5/)