---
title: The solitary elephant, hearing her words, uttered the third stanza: — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: The solitary elephant, hearing her words, uttered the third stanza: Who acts: solitary elephant, Elephant. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 5, sentence 51

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The solitary elephant, hearing her words, uttered the third stanza:

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**Who acts:** solitary elephant, Elephant · **What happens:** hear, utter, word · **To what, where:** words, third stanza

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (solitary elephant, Elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:5:53
# text = The solitary elephant, hearing her words, uttered the third stanza:
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	solitary	solitary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	uttered	utter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	12	amod	_	_
12	stanza	stanza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | gerund | the solitary elephant *not said here* | Elephant's words |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus |
| 2 | **utter** *speech: other* | past | the solitary elephant | the third stanza |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent stanza=Topic |
| 3 | **word** |  | Elephant |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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