---
title: For the second and the third time Dīghīti king of Kosala spoke thus… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: For the second and the third time Dīghīti king of Kosala spoke thus to Prince Dīghāvu, and those men spoke thus to Dīghīti king of Kosala. Who acts: third time, second, men. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 6, sentence 46

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For the second and the third time Dīghīti king of Kosala spoke thus to Prince Dīghāvu, and those men spoke thus to Dīghīti king of Kosala.

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**Who acts:** third time, second, men · **What happens:** king, speak · **To what, where:** Prince · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (third time, second, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:6:46
# text = For the second and the third time Dīghīti king of Kosala spoke thus to Prince Dīghāvu, and those men spoke thus to Dīghīti king of Kosala.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	12	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	Dīghīti	Dīghīti	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Kosala	Kosala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	Dīghāvu	Dīghāvu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	_
22	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	Dīghīti	Dīghīti	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Kosala	Kosala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **king** |  | the third time |  |  |  |  | of Kosala | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the second and Dīghīti king |  | Prince |  |  | thus *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to prince=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | that men |  |  |  |  | to Dīghīti king of Kosala; thus *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to king=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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