---
title: Then he entered Benāres, went to the elephant-stable adjoining the r… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Then he entered Benāres, went to the elephant-stable adjoining the royal palace, and said this to the elephant-trainer: “Trainer, I wish to learn your art.” Who acts: Prince, men. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 6, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 6, sentence 55

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Then he entered Benāres, went to the elephant-stable adjoining the royal palace, and said this to the elephant-trainer: “Trainer, I wish to learn your art.”

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**Who acts:** Prince, men · **What happens:** enter, go, adjoin, say, wish, learn · **To what, where:** Benāres, stable royal palace, this, elephant trainer, art · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:6:55
# text = Then he entered Benāres, went to the elephant-stable adjoining the royal palace, and said this to the elephant-trainer: “Trainer, I wish to learn your art.”
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Benāres	Benāres	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
9	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	stable	stable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
12	adjoining	adjoin	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	nsubj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	obj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	trainer	trainer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
26	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	Trainer	trainer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	wish	wish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	xcomp	_	_
33	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enter** | past | Prince | Benāres |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | past | Prince *not said here* |  |  | the stable royal palace |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to palace=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **adjoin** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Prince *not said here* | this | the elephant trainer and Trainer |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent this=Topic to trainer=Recipient |
| 5 | **wish** *in a quote* | present | that men *= man* |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 6 | **learn** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | that men *= man* *not said here* | your art |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent art=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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