---
title: Now at this time a king of Kosala named Mallika, a righteous ruler,… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Now at this time a king of Kosala named Mallika, a righteous ruler, was also trying to find out whether he had any faults. Who acts: king. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 7, sentence 106

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Now at this time a king of Kosala named Mallika, a righteous ruler, was also trying to find out whether he had any faults.

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**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** name, try, find out, have · **To what, where:** faults · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:7:111
# text = Now at this time a king of Kosala named Mallika, a righteous ruler, was also trying to find out whether he had any faults.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Kosala	Kosala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	named	name	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	Mallika	Mallika	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	righteous	righteous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	also	also	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	trying	try	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	out	out	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
22	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	ccomp	_	_
25	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	26	det	_	_
26	faults	fault	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | past | a king of Kosala |  |  |  | now; time | Mallika *xcomp* | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **try** | past · progressive | a king of Kosala *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **find out** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a king of Kosala *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **have** | past | king | any faults |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fault=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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