---
title: The Future Buddha, admonishing his two friends, said: “I, through yo… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: The Future Buddha, admonishing his two friends, said: “I, through you, have obtained my life. Who acts: Future Buddha. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 7, sentence 62

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The Future Buddha, admonishing his two friends, said: “I, through you, have obtained my life.

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**Who acts:** Future Buddha · **What happens:** admonish, say, obtain · **To what, where:** two friends, Future Buddha · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Future Buddha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:7:65
# text = The Future Buddha, admonishing his two friends, said: “I, through you, have obtained my life.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Future	Future	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Buddha	Buddha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	admonishing	admonish	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
12	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	through	through	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	obtained	obtain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	ccomp	_	_
20	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **admonish** | gerund | the Future Buddha *not said here* |  | Buddha's two friends |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent friend=Recipient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Future Buddha |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **obtain** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | the Future Buddha *= buddha* |  |  |  | my life *obj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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