--- title: This alone is remarkable, that kings of old, listening to the words… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics description: This alone is remarkable, that kings of old, listening to the words of men who were wise but not omniscient, decided litigations righteously and justly, avoided the Four Evil Courses, kept inviolate the Ten Royal Virtues, ruled justly, and departed fulfilling the Path to Heaven.” Who acts: This, kin --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/7/80/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The grateful elephant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/) / [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/7/) / 80 # The grateful elephant, Opening, part 7, sentence 80 This alone is remarkable, that kings of old, listening to the words of men who were wise but not omniscient, decided litigations righteously and justly, avoided the Four Evil Courses, kept inviolate the Ten Royal Virtues, ruled justly, and departed fulfilling the Path to Heaven.” **Who acts:** This, kings, men, Four Evil Courses, Ten Royal Virtues · **What happens:** be, listen, decide, avoid, keep, inviolate · **To what, where:** that, Four Evil Courses, Ten Royal Virtues, Path, Heaven, men This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, kings, men, Four Evil Courses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg74064:7:85 # text = This alone is remarkable, that kings of old, listening to the words of men who were wise but not omniscient, decided litigations righteously and justly, avoided the Four Evil Courses, kept inviolate the Ten Royal Virtues, ruled justly, and departed fulfilling the Path to Heaven.” 1 This this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 nsubj _ _ 2 alone alone ADV RB _ 1 advmod _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 remarkable remarkable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 obl:unmarked _ _ 7 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 listening listen VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 advcl _ _ 12 to to ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod _ _ 17 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 18 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 19 wise wise ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 acl:relcl _ _ 20 but but CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 22 advmod _ _ 22 omniscient omniscient NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 24 decided decide VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 25 litigations litigation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 26 righteously righteously ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 justly justly ADV RB _ 26 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 30 avoided avoid VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 32 Four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 34 nummod _ _ 33 Evil evil NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 Courses course NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 36 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 34 acl _ _ 37 inviolate inviolate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 xcomp _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 39 Ten Ten PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 compound _ _ 40 Royal Royal ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 Virtues Virtue PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 37 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 42 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 43 ruled rule VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 acl:relcl _ _ 44 justly justly ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 45 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 47 departed depart VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 48 fulfilling fulfil VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 47 xcomp _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 Path Path PROPN NNP Number=Sing 48 obj _ _ 51 to to ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 52 Heaven Heaven PROPN NNP Number=Sing 48 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 53 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 54 ” " PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | This | | | | | remarkable *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **listen** | gerund | kings *not said here* | | | | | to the words of men | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to word=Theme | | 3 | **is** | past | men | | | | | omniscient *conj*; wise *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **decide** | past | kings | that | | | | litigations *obj* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent litigation=Topic | | 5 | **avoid** | past | kings *not said here* | the Four Evil Courses | | | | | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent course=Location | | 6 | **keep** | participle | | the Four Evil Courses *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **inviolate** | infinitive | the Four Evil Courses *not said here* | the Ten Royal Virtues | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **rule** | past | the Ten Royal Virtues *not said here* | | | | | justly *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **depart** | past | kings *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **fulfil** | gerund | kings *not said here* | the Path | Heaven | | | | tree rules | | 11 | **word** | | | men | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 79](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/7/79/) - next →: [sentence 81](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/7/81/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/7/)