---
title: Since the ministers of justice transacted their affairs righteously,… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Since the ministers of justice transacted their affairs righteously, there were no men who brought dishonest litigations. Who acts: ministers, men. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 7, sentence 89

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Since the ministers of justice transacted their affairs righteously, there were no men who brought dishonest litigations.

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**Who acts:** ministers, men · **What happens:** transact, be, bring · **To what, where:** affairs, dishonest litigations

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ministers, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:7:94
# text = Since the ministers of justice transacted their affairs righteously, there were no men who brought dishonest litigations.
1	Since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ministers	minister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	justice	justice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	transacted	transact	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	affairs	affair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	righteously	righteously	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
11	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	12	expl	_	_
12	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	14	det	_	_
14	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
15	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
17	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	litigations	litigation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transact** | past | the ministers of justice | ministers's affairs |  |  |  | righteously *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | past | no men |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **bring** | past | no men | dishonest litigations |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent litigation=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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