---
title: “Our teacher, because he disregarded my words, through his own habit… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: “Our teacher, because he disregarded my words, through his own habit of disobedience, through his own fault, has come to ruin. Who acts: teacher, my, companion. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 8, sentence 158

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“Our teacher, because he disregarded my words, through his own habit of disobedience, through his own fault, has come to ruin.

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**Who acts:** teacher, my, companion · **What happens:** disregard, come, ruin, word, fault · **To what, where:** words, own habit, own fault

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (teacher, my, companion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:8:160
# text = “Our teacher, because he disregarded my words, through his own habit of disobedience, through his own fault, has come to ruin.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	disregarded	disregard	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	through	through	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	habit	habit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	disobedience	disobedience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
18	through	through	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
20	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	fault	fault	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
23	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	parataxis	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	ruin	ruin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **disregard** *in a quote* | past | Our teacher | my words |  | companion's own habit of disobedience |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 2 | **come** *in a quote* | present · perfect |  |  |  | companion's own fault |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **ruin** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **word** *in a quote* |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **fault** *in a quote* |  | companion |  |  |  |  |  | nom fault «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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