---
title: Perceiving that the club had stuck, he said: “Master ogre, you have… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Perceiving that the club had stuck, he said: “Master ogre, you have never heard of me before. Who acts: club, you. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 8, sentence 22

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Perceiving that the club had stuck, he said: “Master ogre, you have never heard of me before.

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**Who acts:** club, you · **What happens:** perceive, have, say, not hear · **To what, where:** Master ogre · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (club, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:8:22
# text = Perceiving that the club had stuck, he said: “Master ogre, you have never heard of me before.
1	Perceiving	perceive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
6	stuck	stuck	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	ogre	ogre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	acl:relcl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	_
21	before	before	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | gerund | club *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **have** | past | the club |  |  |  |  | stuck *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | club |  |  |  |  | Master ogre *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **not** **hear** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you | Master ogre *not said here* |  |  |  | of club; before *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer ogre=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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