---
title: Having established him in the Five Precepts, he bade him practice th… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Having established him in the Five Precepts, he bade him practice them. Who acts: Buddha. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 8, sentence 64

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Having established him in the Five Precepts, he bade him practice them.

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**Who acts:** Buddha · **What happens:** have, establish, bade, practice · **To what, where:** Buddha, Five Precepts, ogre, Precepts

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:8:64
# text = Having established him in the Five Precepts, he bade him practice them.
1	Having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	csubj	_	_
2	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	xcomp	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	Precepts	Precept	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	bade	bade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	practice	practice	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  | Buddha |  | the Five Precepts |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 3 | **bade** |  | Buddha | ogre |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **practice** | present |  | Precepts *= precept* |  |  |  |  | vn rehearse-26.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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