---
title: In former times, monks, a certain ogre, ill-favored, dwarfish, sat i… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: In former times, monks, a certain ogre, ill-favored, dwarfish, sat in the seat of Sakka king of gods. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 9, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 9, sentence 19

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In former times, monks, a certain ogre, ill-favored, dwarfish, sat in the seat of Sakka king of gods.

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**What happens:** favor, sit · **To what, where:** certain ogre, seat

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:9:21
# text = In former times, monks, a certain ogre, ill-favored, dwarfish, sat in the seat of Sakka king of gods.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	monks	monk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	ogre	ogre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	favored	favor	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	dwarfish	dwarfish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
17	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	Sakka	Sakka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **favor** | participle |  | a certain ogre *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **sit** | past |  |  |  | the seat of Sakka king of gods | time |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in seat=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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