---
title: Said the Teacher: “Monk, not only in your present state of existence… — The grateful elephant · tree and pragmatics
description: Said the Teacher: “Monk, not only in your present state of existence are you disobedient, but in a previous state of existence also you were disobedient. Who acts: Teacher, Monk, you. A sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 9, with its dependency tree and the
---

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# The grateful elephant, Opening, part 9, sentence 8

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Said the Teacher: “Monk, not only in your present state of existence are you disobedient, but in a previous state of existence also you were disobedient.

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**Who acts:** Teacher, Monk, you · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** previous state · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Teacher, Monk, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74064:9:8
# text = Said the Teacher: “Monk, not only in your present state of existence are you disobedient, but in a previous state of existence also you were disobedient.
1	Said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Monk	monk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	disobedient	disobedient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
20	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	previous	previous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	also	also	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
28	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
30	disobedient	disobedient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Monk |  |  |  |  | you *nsubj*; disobedient *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | past | you |  |  | a previous state of existence |  | disobedient *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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