---
title: Suddenly scores of little black figures issued forth from the darkne… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: Suddenly scores of little black figures issued forth from the darkness of the night, and began to work among the rocks; trees were cut down with a stroke, chisel and hammer rang on the granite, and the work went forward with a rapidity of enchantment. Who acts: scores, chisel, work. A sentence of «L
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 10, sentence 23

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Suddenly scores of little black figures issued forth from the darkness of the night, and began to work among the rocks; trees were cut down with a stroke, chisel and hammer rang on the granite, and the work went forward with a rapidity of enchantment.

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**Who acts:** scores, chisel, work · **What happens:** issue, begin, work, cut down, ring, go · **To what, where:** little black figures, darkness, trees, stroke, granite

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scores, chisel, work), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:11:23
# text = Suddenly scores of little black figures issued forth from the darkness of the night, and began to work among the rocks; trees were cut down with a stroke, chisel and hammer rang on the granite, and the work went forward with a rapidity of enchantment.
1	Suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	scores	score	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	figures	figure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	issued	issue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	among	among	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
24	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	parataxis	_	_
27	down	down	ADP	RP	_	26	compound:prt	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	stroke	stroke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	chisel	chisel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	hammer	hammer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	_
35	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	acl:relcl	_	_
36	on	on	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	granite	granite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	_
43	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
44	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
45	with	with	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	rapidity	rapidity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
48	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
49	enchantment	enchantment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | participle |  | little black figures *not said here* |  | the darkness of the night |  | forth *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **begin** | past | scores of little black figures |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **work** | to-infinitive | scores of little black figures *not said here* |  |  |  |  | among the rocks | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **cut down** | past · passive |  | trees |  |  |  | with a stroke | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient with stroke=Instrument |
| 5 | **ring** | past | chisel and hammer | a stroke *not said here* |  | the granite |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location stroke=Theme |
| 6 | **go** | past | the work |  |  |  |  | with a rapidity of enchantment; forward *property* | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with rapidity=Beneficiary |
| 7 | **score** |  |  | little black figures |  |  |  |  | nom score «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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