---
title: Bloody battles have been fought for the possession of this district,… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: Bloody battles have been fought for the possession of this district, whose dense forests and impassable valleys afforded not only defence, but the pleasures of the chase. Who acts: impassable valleys. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 10, sentence 44

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Bloody battles have been fought for the possession of this district, whose dense forests and impassable valleys afforded not only defence, but the pleasures of the chase.

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**Who acts:** impassable valleys · **What happens:** fight, afford, possess, please · **To what, where:** Bloody battles, defence, district, chase

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (impassable valleys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:11:44
# text = Bloody battles have been fought for the possession of this district, whose dense forests and impassable valleys afforded not only defence, but the pleasures of the chase.
1	Bloody	bloody	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	battles	battle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	fought	fight	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	possession	possession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	district	district	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	appos	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	impassable	impassable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
19	afforded	afford	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
21	only	only	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	defence	defence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	pleasures	pleasure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	chase	chase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | present · perfect · passive |  | Bloody battles |  |  |  | for the possession of this district; the pleasures of the chase *conj* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **afford** | participle | impassable valleys *not said here* | defence |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **possess** |  |  | this district |  |  |  |  | nom possession «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **please** |  |  | the chase |  |  |  |  | nom pleasure «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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