---
title: The Huns, surprised at opposition, and the sight of the huge weapons… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: The Huns, surprised at opposition, and the sight of the huge weapons of the mountaineers, hesitated to begin the attack. Who acts: Huns. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 10, sentence 52

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The Huns, surprised at opposition, and the sight of the huge weapons of the mountaineers, hesitated to begin the attack.

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**Who acts:** Huns · **What happens:** surprise, hesitate, begin, sight · **To what, where:** opposition, sight, attack, huge weapons

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Huns), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:11:52
# text = The Huns, surprised at opposition, and the sight of the huge weapons of the mountaineers, hesitated to begin the attack.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Huns	Hun	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	surprised	surprise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	opposition	opposition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	mountaineers	mountaineer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	hesitated	hesitate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	begin	begin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	attack	attack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surprise** | participle | the Huns |  |  | opposition |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **hesitate** | participle · passive |  | the sight of the huge weapons of the mountaineers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **begin** | to-infinitive |  | the attack |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attack=Eventuality |
| 4 | **sight** |  |  | the huge weapons of the mountaineers |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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