--- title: They made a funeral pile, and laid the victor, borne upon his shield… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics description: They made a funeral pile, and laid the victor, borne upon his shield, upon it, and the Huns formed a circle around the burning wood and sang the death-song, led by the bards. Who acts: ashes, Huns. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 10, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/11/76/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/) / [Legends and Tales., part 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/11/) / 76 # Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 10, sentence 76 They made a funeral pile, and laid the victor, borne upon his shield, upon it, and the Huns formed a circle around the burning wood and sang the death-song, led by the bards. **Who acts:** ashes, Huns · **What happens:** make, lay, bear, form, burn, sing · **To what, where:** funeral pile, victor, pile, circle, burning wood, death song This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ashes, Huns), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg74323:11:76 # text = They made a funeral pile, and laid the victor, borne upon his shield, upon it, and the Huns formed a circle around the burning wood and sang the death-song, led by the bards. 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 funeral funeral NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 pile pile NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 laid lay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 victor victor NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 borne bear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 acl _ _ 13 upon upon ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 shield shield NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 upon upon ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 Huns Hun PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 formed form VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 circle circle NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 around around ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 burning burn VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 29 amod _ _ 29 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 sang sing VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 33 death death NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 34 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 33 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 35 song song NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 37 led lead VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 acl _ _ 38 by by ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 bards bard NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past | ashes *= ash* | a funeral pile | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pile=Product | | 2 | **lay** | past | ashes *= ash* *not said here* | the victor | | pile | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent victor=Theme upon it=Destination | | 3 | **bear** | participle | | the victor *not said here* | | | | upon Victor's shield | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **form** | past | the Huns | a circle | | the burning wood | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location circle=Theme | | 5 | **burn** | gerund | | | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | ashes *= ash* *not said here* | the death song | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme | | 7 | **lead** | participle | | the death song *not said here* | | | | by the bards | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by bard=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 75](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/11/75/) - next →: [sentence 77](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/11/77/) - ↑ back to [Legends and Tales., part 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/11/)