---
title: Ritter Ralf, it must be confessed, was very naughty. — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: Ritter Ralf, it must be confessed, was very naughty. Who acts: Ralf. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 11, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/12/108/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/) / [Legends and Tales., part 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/12/) / 108

# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 11, sentence 108

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ritter Ralf, it must be confessed, was very naughty.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ralf · **What happens:** confess, be · **To what, where:** Ritter

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ralf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:12:109
# text = Ritter Ralf, it must be confessed, was very naughty.
1	Ritter	ritter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod:desc	_	_
2	Ralf	Ralf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	confessed	confess	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	naughty	naughty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confess** | must · passive | Ralf  Ritter *not said here* | Ritter |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | past | Ralf  Ritter |  |  |  |  | naughty *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 107](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/12/107/)
- next →: [sentence 109](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/12/109/)
- ↑ back to [Legends and Tales., part 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/12/)