---
title: The two friends were speechless with astonishment; Bergmann, however… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: The two friends were speechless with astonishment; Bergmann, however, answered, "How could you make us such an offer? Who acts: two friends, Bergmann, you. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 13, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 13, sentence 95

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The two friends were speechless with astonishment; Bergmann, however, answered, "How could you make us such an offer?

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**Who acts:** two friends, Bergmann, you · **What happens:** be, answer, make · **To what, where:** us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two friends, Bergmann, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:14:96
# text = The two friends were speechless with astonishment; Bergmann, however, answered, "How could you make us such an offer?
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	speechless	speechless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	astonishment	astonishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	Bergmann	Bergmann	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	however	however	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
17	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	ccomp	_	_
20	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	23	det:predet	_	_
22	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	offer	offer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the two friends |  |  |  |  | with astonishment; speechless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **answer** *speech: ask* | past | Bergmann |  |  |  |  | however *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** *in a quote* | could | you | us |  |  |  | such offer *xcomp* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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