---
title: He beheld the smoking sacrificial altars, he heard the songs of the… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: He beheld the smoking sacrificial altars, he heard the songs of the reeling, staggering heathen, and with a slow and solemn tread he climbed the mountain. Who acts: fire, reeling. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 14, with its dependen
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 14, sentence 106

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He beheld the smoking sacrificial altars, he heard the songs of the reeling, staggering heathen, and with a slow and solemn tread he climbed the mountain.

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**Who acts:** fire, reeling · **What happens:** behold, hear, stagger, climb, sing · **To what, where:** smoking, songs, heathen, mountain

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire, reeling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:15:106
# text = He beheld the smoking sacrificial altars, he heard the songs of the reeling, staggering heathen, and with a slow and solemn tread he climbed the mountain.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	beheld	behold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	smoking	smoking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	sacrificial	sacrificial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	altars	altar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	reeling	reeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	staggering	stagger	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
17	heathen	heathen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
22	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	solemn	solemn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	_
25	tread	tread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **behold** | past | fire | the smoking |  |  |  | sacrificial altars *obj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hear** | past | fire | the songs of the reeling |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer song=Stimulus |
| 3 | **stagger** | gerund | fire *not said here* | heathen |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus heathen=Experiencer |
| 4 | **climb** | past | fire | the mountain |  |  |  | with a slow tread | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location mountain=Theme |
| 5 | **sing** |  | the reeling |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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