---
title: In this valley, on the rushing, roaring Innerste, stood the cottage… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: In this valley, on the rushing, roaring Innerste, stood the cottage of unhewn trees and stones, covered with moss, in which father and son led a contented life. Who acts: valley, Innerste, father. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 16, 
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 16, sentence 8

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In this valley, on the rushing, roaring Innerste, stood the cottage of unhewn trees and stones, covered with moss, in which father and son led a contented life.

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**Who acts:** valley, Innerste, father · **What happens:** rush, roar, stand, cover, lead, content · **To what, where:** cottage, unhewn trees, contented life, valley

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (valley, Innerste, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:17:8
# text = In this valley, on the rushing, roaring Innerste, stood the cottage of unhewn trees and stones, covered with moss, in which father and son led a contented life.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rushing	rush	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	roaring	roar	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	conj	_	_
10	Innerste	Innerste	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	unhewn	unhewn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	moss	moss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	obl	_	_
27	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
30	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	contented	content	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	amod	_	_
33	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rush** | gerund | this valley *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **roar** | gerund | this valley *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **stand** | past | Innerste | the cottage of unhewn trees and stones |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cottage=Stimulus |
| 4 | **cover** | participle |  | unhewn trees and stones *not said here* |  |  |  | with moss | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with moss=Theme |
| 5 | **lead** | past | father and son | a contented life |  |  |  | which *obl* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent life=Theme in which=Destination |
| 6 | **content** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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