---
title: A small garden surrounded it, in which Ernst loved to work; there he… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: A small garden surrounded it, in which Ernst loved to work; there he listened to the tales of his father, or hunted in the mountain forests. Who acts: small garden, Ernst, father. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 16, with its dependen
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 16, sentence 9

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A small garden surrounded it, in which Ernst loved to work; there he listened to the tales of his father, or hunted in the mountain forests.

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**Who acts:** small garden, Ernst, father · **What happens:** surround, love, work, listen, hunt, tell · **To what, where:** garden, mountain forests · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small garden, Ernst, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:17:9
# text = A small garden surrounded it, in which Ernst loved to work; there he listened to the tales of his father, or hunted in the mountain forests.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:outer	_	_
4	surrounded	surround	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
9	Ernst	Ernst	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	16	expl	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	listened	listen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	hunted	hunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surround** | participle | a small garden *not said here* | garden |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **love** | past | a small garden |  |  |  |  | which *obl*; Ernst *nsubj* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **work** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a small garden *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **listen** | past | Ernst |  |  | there |  | to the tales of Ernst's father | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to tale=Theme |
| 5 | **hunt** | participle | Ernst *not said here* |  |  | the mountain forests |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in forest=Location |
| 6 | **tell** |  | Ernst's father |  |  |  |  |  | nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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