---
title: At the foot of these hills, in a semicircle, are seven small springs… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: At the foot of these hills, in a semicircle, are seven small springs, which unite themselves in one tiny brooklet, over which the train passes. Who acts: seven small springs, train. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 1, with its depende
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 1, sentence 104

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At the foot of these hills, in a semicircle, are seven small springs, which unite themselves in one tiny brooklet, over which the train passes.

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**Who acts:** seven small springs, train · **What happens:** be, unite, pass · **To what, where:** seven small springs, foot, hills, one tiny brooklet

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (seven small springs, train), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:2:104
# text = At the foot of these hills, in a semicircle, are seven small springs, which unite themselves in one tiny brooklet, over which the train passes.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	semicircle	semicircle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
14	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	springs	spring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	unite	unite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
19	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	18	obj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
22	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	brooklet	brooklet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	over	over	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	obl	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	passes	pass	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | seven small springs |  | the foot of this hills and a semicircle |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **unite** | infinitive | seven small springs | hills *= hill* |  | one tiny brooklet |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient |
| 3 | **pass** | present | the train |  |  |  |  | which *obl* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over which=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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