---
title: A tumbling stone struck him so violently on the heel that he was alw… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: A tumbling stone struck him so violently on the heel that he was always obliged to wear slippers after, and from that day he never recovered his spirits. Who acts: tumbling stone, roaring. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 4, with its 
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 4, sentence 109

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A tumbling stone struck him so violently on the heel that he was always obliged to wear slippers after, and from that day he never recovered his spirits.

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**Who acts:** tumbling stone, roaring · **What happens:** tumble, strike, oblige, wear, not recover · **To what, where:** roaring, slippers, spirits

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tumbling stone, roaring), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:21:109
# text = A tumbling stone struck him so violently on the heel that he was always obliged to wear slippers after, and from that day he never recovered his spirits.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	tumbling	tumble	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	violently	violently	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	heel	heel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
14	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	15	advmod	_	_
15	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	slippers	slipper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	after	after	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
24	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
27	recovered	recover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tumble** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **strike** | past | a tumbling stone | roaring |  |  |  | on the heel; violently *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Instrument on heel=Patient |
| 3 | **oblige** | past · passive |  | roaring |  |  |  | always *property* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 4 | **wear** | to-infinitive |  | slippers |  |  |  | after *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent slipper=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **recover** | past | roaring | roaring's spirits |  |  | day |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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