---
title: "We possess _Nebelkappen_,"[1] said one of the two dwarfs, "which re… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: "We possess _Nebelkappen_,"[1] said one of the two dwarfs, "which render us invisible to the human sight. Who acts: We. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 6, sentence 14

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"We possess \_Nebelkappen\_,"\[1\] said one of the two dwarfs, "which render us invisible to the human sight.

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**Who acts:** We · **What happens:** possess, say, render · **To what, where:** Nebelkappen, one, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:23:14
# text = "We possess _Nebelkappen_,"[1] said one of the two dwarfs, "which render us invisible to the human sight.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	possess	possess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
4	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Nebelkappen	Nebelkappen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	1	1	NUM	LS	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	dwarfs	dwarf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	render	render	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	_
22	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	xcomp	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** *in a quote* | present | We | Nebelkappen |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot nebelkappen=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | one of the two dwarfs |  |  |  | 1 *discourse* | tree rules |
| 3 | **render** *in a quote* | present |  | us |  |  |  | which *nsubj*; invisible *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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