---
title: Not far from Lichtenstein is a spring, where once a shepherd rested… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: Not far from Lichtenstein is a spring, where once a shepherd rested always at noonday and watered his flocks. Who acts: Lichtenstein, shepherd. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 8, sentence 14

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Not far from Lichtenstein is a spring, where once a shepherd rested always at noonday and watered his flocks.

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**Who acts:** Lichtenstein, shepherd · **What happens:** be, rest, water · **To what, where:** noonday, flocks

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lichtenstein, shepherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:25:14
# text = Not far from Lichtenstein is a spring, where once a shepherd rested always at noonday and watered his flocks.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	Lichtenstein	Lichtenstein	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
10	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	13	advmod	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	rested	rest	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	13	advmod	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	noonday	noonday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	watered	water	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	flocks	flock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Lichtenstein |  |  |  | from a spring |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rest** | past | a shepherd |  |  | noonday |  | always, far, once *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent at noonday=Location |
| 3 | **water** | past | a shepherd *not said here* | Lichtenstein's flocks |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent flock=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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