---
title: He always carried a silver miner's lamp that shone clear as the sun,… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: He always carried a silver miner's lamp that shone clear as the sun, and wore a golden crown. Who acts: Hibich, lamp. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 8, sentence 46

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He always carried a silver miner's lamp that shone clear as the sun, and wore a golden crown.

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**Who acts:** Hibich, lamp · **What happens:** carry, shine, wear · **To what, where:** lamp, golden crown

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hibich, lamp), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:25:46
# text = He always carried a silver miner's lamp that shone clear as the sun, and wore a golden crown.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	silver	silver	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	miner	miner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	shone	shine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	crown	crown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | past | Hibich | a silver miner's lamp |  |  |  | always *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lamp=Theme |
| 2 | **shine** | past | a silver miner's lamp |  |  |  |  | as the sun; clear *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **wear** | past | Hibich *not said here* | a golden crown |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent crown=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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