---
title: Hardly had he gone when the dwarfs arrived, all in miners' dress, an… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: Hardly had he gone when the dwarfs arrived, all in miners' dress, and each carrying a mine-lamp. Who acts: forester, dwarfs, each. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 8, sentence 72

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Hardly had he gone when the dwarfs arrived, all in miners' dress, and each carrying a mine-lamp.

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**Who acts:** forester, dwarfs, each · **What happens:** go, arrive, carry · **To what, where:** mine lamp

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forester, dwarfs, each), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:25:72
# text = Hardly had he gone when the dwarfs arrived, all in miners' dress, and each carrying a mine-lamp.
1	Hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dwarfs	dwarf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	miners	miner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	'	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	dress	dress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	nsubj	_	_
18	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	mine	mine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past · perfect | forester |  |  |  |  | hardly *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **arrive** | past | the dwarfs |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **carry** | gerund | each | a mine lamp |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lamp=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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