---
title: The forester's son must now seat himself on the shoulders of the dwa… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: The forester's son must now seat himself on the shoulders of the dwarf on the topmost rung of the ladder; and see! the ladder is wide enough to permit them to descend between the thick line of lamp-bearing dwarfs on either hand. Who acts: ladder. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountain
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 8, sentence 75

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The forester's son must now seat himself on the shoulders of the dwarf on the topmost rung of the ladder; and see! the ladder is wide enough to permit them to descend between the thick line of lamp-bearing dwarfs on either hand.

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**Who acts:** ladder · **What happens:** see, be, permit, descend · **To what, where:** ladders, seat

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ladder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:25:75
# text = The forester's son must now seat himself on the shoulders of the dwarf on the topmost rung of the ladder; and see! the ladder is wide enough to permit them to descend between the thick line of lamp-bearing dwarfs on either hand.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	forester	forester	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
7	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	7	nmod:unmarked	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	dwarf	dwarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	topmost	topmost	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	rung	rung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	ladder	ladder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	see	see	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	ladder	ladder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
29	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	parataxis	_	_
30	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	permit	permit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	advcl	_	_
33	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	descend	descend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	xcomp	_	_
36	between	between	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
41	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	bearing	bearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	compound	_	_
44	dwarfs	dwarf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nmod	_	_
45	on	on	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	either	either	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	47	det	_	_
47	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present | the ladder |  |  |  |  | enough, wide *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **permit** | to-infinitive | the ladder *not said here* | ladders *= ladder* |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer they=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **descend** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the ladder *not said here* |  |  |  |  | between the thick line of bearing dwarfs on either hand | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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