---
title: It rose rugged and steep from the sandy heath to a mighty rock, and… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: It rose rugged and steep from the sandy heath to a mighty rock, and formed a row of impassable cliffs, the western summits of which widened into a table-land sufficiently broad for the site of a castle. Who acts: nature, western summits. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Too
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 3, sentence 34

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It rose rugged and steep from the sandy heath to a mighty rock, and formed a row of impassable cliffs, the western summits of which widened into a table-land sufficiently broad for the site of a castle.

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**Who acts:** nature, western summits · **What happens:** rise, form, widen · **To what, where:** sandy heath, row, table land

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nature, western summits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:4:34
# text = It rose rugged and steep from the sandy heath to a mighty rock, and formed a row of impassable cliffs, the western summits of which widened into a table-land sufficiently broad for the site of a castle.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	rugged	rugged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	sandy	sandy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	heath	heath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	formed	form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	row	row	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	impassable	impassable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	summits	summit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	appos	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
28	widened	widen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	acl:relcl	_	_
29	into	into	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
31	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
34	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	broad	broad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
36	for	for	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	site	site	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | nature |  |  | the sandy heath |  | to a mighty rock; rugged *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from heath=Initial\_Location to rock=Destination |
| 2 | **form** | past | nature *not said here* | a row of impassable cliffs |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location row=Theme |
| 3 | **widen** | past | the western summits |  |  | a table land |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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