---
title: From a scrap of mud, through the effect of light and heat, perhaps b… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: From a scrap of mud, through the effect of light and heat, perhaps by contact with some other body, a frog was produced. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 4, sentence 24

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From a scrap of mud, through the effect of light and heat, perhaps by contact with some other body, a frog was produced.

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**What happens:** produce, effect · **To what, where:** frog, scrap, light

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:5:24
# text = From a scrap of mud, through the effect of light and heat, perhaps by contact with some other body, a frog was produced.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	scrap	scrap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	contact	contact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	21	det	_	_
20	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | past · passive |  | a frog |  | a scrap of mud and the effect of light and heat and contact with some other body |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from scrap=Material |
| 2 | **effect** |  |  | light and heat and contact with some other body |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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