---
title: "A wild bird here and there still sings to cheer His mate that nestl… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: "A wild bird here and there still sings to cheer His mate that nestles in the thicket near; But ah! no voice of love falls on my ear: I am alone. Who acts: wild bird, mate, I. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 5, with its dependency tr
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 5, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"A wild bird here and there still sings to cheer His mate that nestles in the thicket near; But ah! no voice of love falls on my ear: I am alone.

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**Who acts:** wild bird, mate, I · **What happens:** sing, cheer, nestle, be · **To what, where:** mate, thicket

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wild bird, mate, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:6:4
# text = "A wild bird here and there still sings to cheer His mate that nestles in the thicket near; But ah! no voice of love falls on my ear: I am alone.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	conj	_	_
8	still	still	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	sings	sing	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	cheer	cheer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	nestles	nestle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	thicket	thicket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	near	near	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
21	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
22	ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	35	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
24	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	25	det	_	_
25	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	falls	fall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	_
29	on	on	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
33	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
34	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
35	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* *in a quote* | present | a wild bird |  |  |  | still |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cheer** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | a wild bird *not said here* | bird's mate |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus mate=Experiencer |
| 3 | **nestle** *in a quote* | present | bird's mate |  |  | the thicket |  | near *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in thicket=Location |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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