--- title: He rubbed his eyes, and looked bewildered around him, but it could b… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics description: He rubbed his eyes, and looked bewildered around him, but it could be no illusion, for there stood the oaks and beeches, every tree of which he knew, there grazed his herd to the music of their jingling bells, the dogs cowering watchfully near, and from the valley could be heard the rattle of the fo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/9/24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/) / [Legends and Tales., part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/9/) / 24 # Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 8, sentence 24 He rubbed his eyes, and looked bewildered around him, but it could be no illusion, for there stood the oaks and beeches, every tree of which he knew, there grazed his herd to the music of their jingling bells, the dogs cowering watchfully near, and from the valley could be heard the rattle of the foundry. **Who acts:** forest, eye, dogs, foundry · **What happens:** rub, bewilder, be, stand, know, graze · **To what, where:** eyes, illusion, oaks, herd, rattle, valley This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forest, eye, dogs, foundry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg74323:9:24 # text = He rubbed his eyes, and looked bewildered around him, but it could be no illusion, for there stood the oaks and beeches, every tree of which he knew, there grazed his herd to the music of their jingling bells, the dogs cowering watchfully near, and from the valley could be heard the rattle of the foundry. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 rubbed rub VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ _ 4 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 looked look VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 bewildered bewilder VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 conj _ _ 9 around around ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 12 but but CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 14 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 15 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 17 cop _ _ 16 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 17 det _ _ 17 illusion illusion NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 for for SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 20 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 21 advmod _ _ 21 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 oaks oak NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 beeches beech NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 28 det _ _ 28 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 32 obl _ _ 31 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 35 expl _ _ 35 grazed graze VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 advcl _ _ 36 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 herd herd NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obj _ _ 38 to to ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 music music NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 41 of of ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 42 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 43 jingling jingling NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 compound _ _ 44 bells bell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 45 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 conj _ _ 48 cowering cower VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 47 acl _ _ 49 watchfully watchfully ADV RB _ 50 advmod _ _ 50 near near ADV RB _ 48 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 51 , , PUNCT , _ 58 punct _ _ 52 and and CCONJ CC _ 58 cc _ _ 53 from from ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 54 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 55 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 obl _ _ 56 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 58 aux _ _ 57 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 58 aux:pass _ _ 58 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 conj _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 rattle rattle NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 obj _ _ 61 of of ADP IN _ 63 case _ _ 62 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 63 det _ _ 63 foundry foundry NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 64 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rub** | past | forest | forest's eyes | | | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Theme | | 2 | **bewilder** | past · passive | forest *not said here* | | | | | around forest | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | | 3 | **is a** | could | eye | no illusion | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **stand** | past | forest *not said here* | the oaks every tree and beeches | | there | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer oak=Stimulus | | 5 | **know** | past | forest | | | | | of every tree | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of which=Stimulus | | 6 | **graze** | past | forest *not said here* | forest's herd | | there | | to the music of beeches's jingling bells and the dogs | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herd=Experiencer | | 7 | **cower** | gerund | the dogs *not said here* | | | | | near *property* | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 8 | **hear** | could · passive | forest *not said here* | the rattle of the foundry | | the valley | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: rattle=Topic from valley=Source | | 9 | **rattle** | | the foundry | | | | | | nom rattle «event intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/9/23/) - next →: [sentence 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/9/25/) - ↑ back to [Legends and Tales., part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/9/)