---
title: The farmer stood with crossed arms for at least ten minutes, gazing… — Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains · tree and pragmatics
description: The farmer stood with crossed arms for at least ten minutes, gazing at the immense treasures, thinking what was to be done to secure them without falling into the power of the savage guard--the dog. Who acts: farmer. A sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends a
---

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# Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 8, sentence 63

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The farmer stood with crossed arms for at least ten minutes, gazing at the immense treasures, thinking what was to be done to secure them without falling into the power of the savage guard--the dog.

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**Who acts:** farmer · **What happens:** stand, cross, gaze, think, do, secure · **To what, where:** treasures, power · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (farmer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg74323:9:63
# text = The farmer stood with crossed arms for at least ten minutes, gazing at the immense treasures, thinking what was to be done to secure them without falling into the power of the savage guard--the dog.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	crossed	cross	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	nmod	_	_
10	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	gazing	gaze	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	immense	immense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	treasures	treasure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	conj	_	_
20	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	24	obj	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	ccomp	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	secure	secure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
27	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
29	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	advcl	_	_
30	into	into	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	savage	savage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the farmer |  |  |  | minute | with crossed arms | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cross** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **gaze** | gerund | the farmer *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the immense treasures | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at treasure=Theme |
| 4 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | the farmer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **do** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  | what *obj* | tree rules |
| 6 | **secure** | to-infinitive |  | treasures *= treasure* |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition they=Theme |
| 7 | **fall** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | into the power of the savage guard and the dog *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into power=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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