---
title: By-and-by the robbers saw it was all dark and they sent one man back… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: By-and-by the robbers saw it was all dark and they sent one man back to the house to look after their money. Who acts: possession, robbers. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, How Jack Went to Seek His Fortune, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, How Jack Went to Seek His Fortune, sentence 39

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By-and-by the robbers saw it was all dark and they sent one man back to the house to look after their money.

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**Who acts:** possession, robbers · **What happens:** see, be, send back, look · **To what, where:** one man, house · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, How Jack Went to Seek His Fortune. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (possession, robbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:10:39
# text = By-and-by the robbers saw it was all dark and they sent one man back to the house to look after their money.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	robbers	robber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	all	all	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	ccomp	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
16	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	back	back	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
24	after	after	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past |  |  |  |  |  | by the robbers | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | past | possession |  |  |  |  | all, dark *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **send back** | past | robbers *= robber* | one man |  | the house |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent man=Theme to house=Destination |
| 4 | **look** | to-infinitive | robbers *= robber* *not said here* |  |  |  | after robbers's money |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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