---
title: On this the bird laughed and laughed, and Mr. Vinegar, falling into… — English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: On this the bird laughed and laughed, and Mr. Vinegar, falling into a violent rage, threw the stick at its head. Who acts: bird, Vinegar. A sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Mr. Vinegar, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# English Fairy Tales, Mr. Vinegar, sentence 57

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On this the bird laughed and laughed, and Mr. Vinegar, falling into a violent rage, threw the stick at its head.

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**Who acts:** bird, Vinegar · **What happens:** laugh, fall, throw · **To what, where:** this, violent rage, stick, head

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This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Mr. Vinegar. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, Vinegar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7439:11:57
# text = On this the bird laughed and laughed, and Mr. Vinegar, falling into a violent rage, threw the stick at its head.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
10	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:desc	_	_
11	Vinegar	Vinegar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
14	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	violent	violent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	rage	rage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | past | the bird |  |  | this |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | the bird *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **fall** | gerund | Vinegar  Mr. *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into a violent rage *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into rage=Result |
| 4 | **throw** | past | Vinegar  Mr. | the stick |  | stick's head |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stick=Theme at head=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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